Oil re-refiner



Nov. 21, 1933. J Q SAVENT 1,936,033

OIL RE-REFINER Filed Sept. 27, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l Lvl/ENTOR, 5150/? G. 5a/Veni A TTORNEY5 Nov. 21, '1933. J. G SARVENT 1,936,033

OIL RE-REFINER Filed Sept. 27, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 .4 TTORNEYS.v

Patented Nov. 21, 1933 L A Y Unirse STATES VPATENT orties OIL RE-REFINER Joseph G. Sarvent, Kansas City, Mo.

Application September 27, 1930y Serial No. 484,770

12 Claims. (Cl. lG-IG) The present invention relates to oil treating before they accompany the oil into the'system to apparatus and particularly that type of structure create foam or other Vundesirable mixtures. especially adapted for re-claiming lubricating oil The combination of parts as set forth in the after it'has been used, and the primary object foliowingspecication isnovel and forms a struc- 5T of the invention is the provision oi such a mature which is comparatively cheap to manufac- 6W chine which is practical and which may treat the ture, is effective in its operation and is not likely oil continuously or by the batch method. f to get out of korder during operation. In the Another object of the invention is the providrawings sion oi oil treating apparatus wherein is pro- Figure l is a side elevation of oil treating ap- '1`0 vided structure for the forceful drawing ofi of paratus constructed in accordance with the pres- 65? vapors and gases `during the passage of the oil ent invention. through the machine. l Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical central fragmen 'A yet further object of the instant invention tary section through the upper portion of the is the provision of oil treating apparatus wherein apparatus.A

1`5` is embodied features; that will atomize the oil Fig. 3 is a top plan View of the same. 701 upon its entrance into the retort of the apparatus; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken on line that will pre-heat oil entering the apparatus iV-V of Fig. 2. through the use of heated oil leaving the same; Fig. 5 is a similar section taken on line V-V that will selectively iilter or return the oil to the of Fig. 2, and,

"20 point of beginning; that will supply relatively cool Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 75;.

atmospheric air to the vapors drawn from the Vi-VI of Fig.l2.

atomized oilimmediately prior to passage of said in describing the form of the invention illusvapors to a condensing-chamber;` thatwill maintrated in the accompanying drawings, the nortainv a predetermined level of oil within a' flow mal passage of oil to be treated will be followed g5 chamber forming an element oi the apparatus; and the parts of the machine acting thereon de- 9U- that will mechanically draw off gas and moisture scribed the sequencev of their operation.

laden vapors through the use ci motor driven Similar reference characters are used to desans and that will act upon the oilpbeingtreate'd ignate like parts throughout the several views thoroughly and effectivelyv so that a single' passage and the numeral 8 indicates a collecting and set- 3o of the same through the normal cy'cie'will place tling receptacle into which may be dumped the g5@ previously used lubricating oil in condition for reoil which is to be passed through the apparatus. use without the employment of chemicals or other This receptacle 8 is divided from the receiving ingredients which might effect the lubricating tank l0 by a partition l2. Oil contained in setvalue of the oil. tling tank 8 is heated as hereinafter set forth,

One of the important objects of the invention thus facilitating the rapid settling of the foreign 90e herein disclosed is the provision offlow and conparticles contained therein, after which the oil densing chambers positioned adjacent the top of is elevated into the system by means of pump 14. the retort of the apparatus, the former being with- Pump 14 is driven bya motor or similar means in the latter to provide an annular space which l6 and the oil to be treated may be drawn from is in communication with the top of the retort settling tank 8 through. pipej18 which passes upg5"y through the medium of a suction compartment' wardly and centrally through the heat exchanger wherein is positioned a suction fan, the air curjacket 20 to enter iiow chamber 22 through the rents created by the same being deflected by end 24 which projects into chamber 22', as shown special structure to a plurality of conduitscofnin Fig. 2. A branch pipe 18 enters the lower necting s aid compartment with the annular part of settling tank 8, and a three-way valve i9 100 space. Y 1 permits selectively drawing oil from either re- Workers in this art arefully familiarwith the ceptacle 8 or tank l0. f fact that ordinary 're-claiming' apparatus for Flow chamber 22 is positionedlwithin condensused lubricating oils is crude in so far as the ing chamber 2G and the walls of'both are disv properfhandling of moisture, gases and va's" is posed to form an annular space 28, into which 105 concerned.' In the use of an apparatusiembodying projects baffle screen 30 Ato assist inacting upon the features contemplated by this invention; one escaping vapors. From ilowchamber' 22 the oil will find a highly efficient structure which' acts passes into a retort` 32 having insulated walls upon the vaporized elements from theY oil in a 34, as illustrated in Figs. 2.andy 6. A pipe line v.'55 manner to draw them immediately therefrom 36', terminating at an end 38`Within now' cham- 110 ber 22, insures the drawing off of oil from the flow chamber only after the same has been iilled to the top of the pipe. is positioned above an atomizing disc 44 which is rotated at a comparatively high rate of speed in a manner hereinafter set forth.

An annular vaporizing shell 46 is hung within retort 82 to surround disc 44 and the oil broken up is thrown against this shell, where the remaining moisture and most of the oil having lower boiling point are separated. Vapor passes out before reaching the oil having higher boiling point that surrounds the submerged electric heating elements in lower part of retort 82. By this method there is practically no water reaching the hot bulk oil to cause foaming. Discs 45, positioned on shaft 82 are rotated therewith to keep the oil surrounding the heaters in circulation.

The interior of retort 32 and the oil within the same is heated to a predetermined degree by heaters 48 which, in this instance, are electric heaters controlled by a switch 56 on the outside of retort 32. Any moisture remaining in the oil entering retort 32 is evaporated out on entering retort 82 and passes out prior to the vapor coming from the oil. Its passage through heat exchanger 20 has raised its temperature to some extent and when the oil is broken up, gases and vapors formed are drawn upwardly through the opening 52 formed in the top 54 of retort 32. A suction compartment 56 is formed above retort 82 which is floored by the top 54 and roofed by cover 58.

All vapors and gases drawn from retort 32 pass through opening 52 into suction compartment 56. This action is aided by a suction fan 68, which is rotatably mounted within suction compartment 56, and a series of fresh air ducts 62 formed through cover 58 allows the entrance of fresh and relatively cool air which aids condensation. The heavier condensate formed within suction compartment 56 falls to the inclined loorof the same and is drained therefrom through the pipe 64 to an auxiliary distillate tank 66, which is provided with an overflow 68 into the settling tank having a sight tube 70 and a drain-off valve 72 located outside. This auxiliary residue distillate tank 66 is housed within settling tank 8. The aforementioned annular space 28 formed between the walls of iiow chamber 22 and condensing chamber 26 communicates with suction compartment 56 through the medium of conduits '74, adjacent each of which, and within the suction compartment, is located deflector '76 which acts upon the air currents created by fan 60 to cause them to pass into the annular space 28 through conduits 7,4.

These currents, obviously, carry gases and vapors to the condensing chamber 26 where they strike baiile screen 30 and in the event of formation of any lighter oils, the same settle to' the bottom of condensing chamber 26 and drain downwardly into suction compartment 56.and thence through pipe 64 tc auxiliary distillate tank 66.

The top of condensing chamber 26 houses a blower fan which is mounted upon shaft 82 and assists fan 60 in drawing the gases and lighter vapors through chamber 26 to an outlet vent pipe 84, which leads to a point remote from the apparatus and preferably to the outside of the building in which the apparatus is housed. Disc 44, fan 60 and fan 8O are all mounted for rotation by motor 16 which drives a belt 86 over a pulley 88 which is secured to shaft 82. Thus the same The outlet end of pipe 36.

source of power is utilized to pump the oil and drive the moving parts of the apparatus. An overflow pipe 90 may be provided within flow chamber 22 to return an excess amount of oil pumped thereto from the settling tank 8. This overflow pipe 90 communicates with pipe 78 to return the oil to the settling tank 8.

Since the water vapor and a large amount or the lower boiling point oils have been separated by atomization, it remains only for the heating of oil within retort 82, by the heaters 48, to separate the remaining lower boiling point oils. Such lower boiling point oils as are separated therefrom in the form of vapor are drawn ofi as hereinbefore described. The oil in retort 82 settles to some degree and such bottoms or heavier particles are removed from the lower part of retort 82 through pipe 92.

Air port 114 is provided to permit air to enter exchanger 20 which connects with the retort through pipe 117, which facilitates the drawing of vapors from the retort and prevents the formation o a partial vacuum in the upper portion of the heat exchanger 20.

'When the oil has been treated suiiiciently, same passes from the still 82 in its heated condition through takeoff pipe 94 which extends upwardly to form a thermostat well, the top of which may support a thermostat 96 to control the heating units 48 and also the pump 14 in the ollowing manner. When the oil becomes suiiiciently hot the thermostatic switch 96 will cut on the supply of electrical current to the heater 40 and the motor 16 that drives pump 14 and the oil in 22 will flow through pipe 38 to retort 32 thereby lowering the temperature of the mass ci oil contained therein and causing the thermostat member 96 to operate to again turn on the electric current to the heaters and motor.

When the oil has reached a certain temperature it will have freed itseif of the undesirable constituents and thermostat 96 will allow its passage from the retort 82 through pipe 94 to the heat exchanger 26 where it passes around the pipe 18 to impart its heat to the cooler oil passing therethrough to enter flow chamber 22. The oil passes from heat exchanger 20 to a filter 98 through a pipe 108 which has interposed therein a three-way valve 102 which may be actuated to allow the oil to enter lter 98 or to return it to settling tank 8 through conduit 104. This by-passing of the iilter 98 allows the ltering material, 166, to be changed without interrupting the flow of oil through the more important working parts of the apparatus. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the filter 98 is made up of a plurality of telescoping members 108, each of which supports iiltering material 166 and in the event this filtering material becomes clogged and the members 108 iilled, they will overflow into the drainage gutter 110 and the oil will pass to settling tank 8 through the pipe 112.

Modifications obvious to those skilled in the art might be made in constructing this oil treating apparatus without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. An-oil treating apparatus comprising a retort, means to heat oil within the retort, a condensing chamber spaced thereabove, a closed ow chamber within said condensing chamber the walls of both chambers forming an annular space therebetween, a plurality of vertical annularly arranged conduits establishing communication between the retort and said annular space and a suction fan at the top of the retort for forcing vapor from retort to condensing chamber through said conduits.

2. An oil treating apparatus comprising a retort, means to heat oil within the retort, a condensing chamber spaced thereabove, a closed now chamber within the condensing chamber, a suction fan between the retort and condensing chamber, a blower fan above the condensing chamber, an outlet vent leading from the said condensing chamber adjacent the blower fan and a plurality of annularly arranged conduits establishing communication between retort and condensing chamber whereby moisture, vapors and gases are forced from retort through condensing chamber and thence to outlet vent, said materials passing between the walls of the flow chamber and condensing chamber as they move from retort to outlet vent.

3. An oil treating apparatus comprising a retort, means to heat oil within the retort, a condensing chamber thereabove, a suction compartment between retort and condensing chamber, a suction fan therein, a plurality of conduits establishing communication between the condensing chamber and suction compartment and a plurality of fresh air inlet ducts formed through the wall of said suction compartment adjacent the fan.

4. An oil treating apparatus comprising a retort, means to heat oil within the retort, a condensing chamber thereabove, a suction compartment between retort and condensing chamber, a suction fan therein, a plurality of conduits establishing communication between the condensing chamber and suction compartment, a plurality of fresh air inlet ducts formed through the wall of said suction compartment adjacent the fan and deflectors within said suction compartment, one of said deiiectors being between each conduit and said suction fan whereby to collect fan-created air currents and guide the same to the condensing chamber through the conduits.

5. An oil treating apparatus comprising a retort, means to heat oil within the retort, a condensing chamber and suction fan adjacent the top of said retort, conduits establishing communication between retort and condensing chamber, a second fan to force vapors and gas from the said retort to said condensing chamber disposed intermediate the condensing chamber and retort, agitating discs adjacent said heating means, and a rotatable vertical shaft supporting said suction fan, force fan and discs, extending axially through said retort and condensing chamber.

6. In an oil treating system, a collecting receptacle, a retort, a condensing chamber, a flow chamber within the condensing chamber, a heat exchanger, means within the retort to heat the oil being treated and a pipe system connecting said members whereby hot oil passing from the retort to the filter is caused to impart heat to oil entering the iiow chamber within the heat exchanger.

7. In an oil treating system, a collecting receptacle to supply oil to the system, a retort, a condensing chamber, a flow chamber within the condensing chamber, a heat exchanger, a lilter, means within the retort to heat the oil being treated and a pipe system connecting said members whereby hot oil imparts heat to cooler oil within the heat exchanger prior to said cooler oil entering the iiow chamber, said pipe system including means for selectively diverting the flow of said hot oil from the filter back to the source of supply.

8. In an oil treating apparatus, a settling tank, a flow chamber, a retort, a pump and pipe to transfer oil from tank to low chamber, a pipe establishing communication between flow chamber and retort and a pipe establishing connection between flow chamber and tank, said pipes all terminating vertically within the flow chamber at different predetermined heights, the end of the transfer pipe therein being lower than the remaining pipes.

9. In an oil treating apparatus, a retort, means to supply oil thereto to be treated,V a gas and vapor draw-olf structure above the retort and in communication therewith and fresh air inlet ducts between retort and draw-off structure, said inlet ducts being formed through the top of said retort and positioned beneath said draw-olf structure.

l0. In an oil treating apparatus, a cylindrical retort, means to supply oil thereto to be treated, a cylindrical gas and vapor draw-off structure above the retort in axial alinement and in communication therewith, fresh air inlet ducts between retort and drawoif structure and a revolvable atomizing disc acting upon the oil as it enters the said retort, the bottom of said draworf structure and top of said retort being spaced apart, said inlet ducts being formed in the top of said retort.

l1. In an oil treating apparatus, a retort, means to supply oil thereto to be treated, a gas and vapor draw-oif structure above the retort and in communication therewith, fresh air inlet ducts between retort and draw-off structure, a revolvable atomizing disc acting upon the oil after it enters the said retort and an annular vertical wall circumscribing said disc to deect the oil downwardly after it has been acted upon by said disc.

12. In an oil treating apparatus, a retort, means to supply oil thereto to be treated, a gas and vapor draw-off structure including a pair of axially aligned fans all disposed adjacent the y top of said retort, a plurality of fresh air inlet ducts in said draw-off structure, an atomizing disc acting upon the oil as it enters the retort and a vertical wall circumscribing said disc whereby to deflect the oil downwardly in the retort, said fans and atomizing disc being mounted ona single shaft for simultaneous rotation therewith.

JOSEPH G. SARVENT. 

